Procedural Sedation and Analgesia

Take a deeper dive into our peer-reviewed emergency medicine content with the EMplify podcast. Join hosts Sam Ashoo, MD and T.R. Eckler, MD for educational, conversational reviews of current evidence guaranteed to help you make your best clinical decisions. Each high-yield episode gives you practical, time-tested guidance from practicing emergency medicine clinicians and subject-matter experts. Listen and learn!

Procedural Sedation & Analgesia

In this episode, Sam Ashoo, MD interviews Prayag Mehta, MD and Joshua Kern, MD – two of the authors of the June, 2022 EMP article on Procedural Sedation and Analgesia in the Emergency Department. Listen to the discussion to hear more about the emergency medicine approach to sedation in adults and pediatrics !

Procedural Sedation and Analgesia in the Emergency Department

EMplify – June 2022

Episode Outline:

  • Procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA): terminology
  • Levels of sedation
    • Minimal
    • Moderate
    • Deep
    • General anesthesia
  • Prehospital care
  • ED care: patient assessment
    • ASA class system
    • Complications
    • Equipment needed (Table 1)
    • Larson maneuver (Figure 2)
  • Procedural technique
    • Current ACEP and AAP recommendations
    • Data for 1- or 2-physician sedation
  • Preprocedural fasting
    • Do we even need to consider this in PSA?
  • Capnography
  • Oxygen supplementation
  • Preprocedural opioids
  • Preprocedural sedatives
  • Anticholinergics
  • Antiemetics
  • Treatment (Table 2)
    • Fentanyl
    • Remifentanil
    • Midazolam
    • Nitrous oxide
    • Propofol
    • Ketamine
    • Ketofol
    • Etomidate
  • Reversal agents
    • Naloxone
    • Flumazenil
  • Special populations
    • Pediatrics
    • Pregnancy
    • Geriatrics
  • Cutting edge
    • Dexmedetomidine

Last Updated on January 25, 2023

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