Although there is a large body of existing research on traumatic intracranial hemorrhage, there are few clear and consistent recommendations that have emerged. Appropriate management is guided by an understanding of the pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury as well as by clinical observation and radiographic assessment.
Our recent issue Management of Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage in the Emergency Department provides a comprehensive analysis of the literature and recommendations based on the best available evidence, including expeditious management of critically elevated intracranial pressure and acquisition of follow-up studies.
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Here are a few key points:
- The 4 leading causes of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are falls, motor vehicle-related injury, nonintentional strike by or against an object (including sports and recreational injury), and assaults.
- Patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) can be symptomatic but often have symptoms such as headache, nausea, or brain fog.
- Serial GCS score monitoring is a dynamic tool that provides early clinical warning of neurological deterioration. (See Table 1 in the issue.)
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